Can society fully control individuals?

Although conjunction sets a myriad of rules and regulations that ostensibly circumscribes your actions, it is our plectrum whether or non to conform to these rules. Convincing examples to demonstrates this founds be found in A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen, To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee and Galileos choices of defying norms in the celestial orbit of science.Noras decision to leave Torvald and seek her emancipation in the number A Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen explicitly demonstrates that, regardless of what auberge dictates, choices are always present ot the individual. Nora was one of many women who suffered from the male supremacy during the Victorian Era. Her husband, Torvald, would call her demeaning names such as squirrel and pet and expects her to follow every command because society dictates that she should. However, Nora defied her social norms and left Torvald to achieve her independence an act considered to be unthinkable at the time. Thus demonstrates that decis ions are dependent upon(p) upon individuals, not society.An separate example which shows that our choices area solely determined by ourselves is that of Atticus and his decision to defend a black man, Tom Robinson, in To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee. Atticus, who lives in a town inhabited by a racist, white community, decided to do what he thinks is right and defended a black man named Tom Robinson, who was specious accused of raping a white girl. Despite Atticuss information of the vicious calumny that he will be subjected to by society, he neertheless made the decision which he considered is right and defended Tom Robinson. This encourage shows that decision are purely based on the individual.In addition, the position that decisions of the individual can never be fully controlled by society is shown in the field of science, particularly through Galileos choice of having a heliocentric view on the universe. Galileo was a scientist who, after adequate look for into the fi eld, maintained that, contrary to what the church and Aristotle believed, the sun is in the center of the universe. At the time, society strongly believed that the earth is the center of the universe and considered every other scientist who said otherwise to be mocking religion and thus deserve punishment. Because of his theory, Galileo was convicted of heresy and consequently sentence to home imprisonment. Surely, it was Galileos decision to vocalise his theory which, rather interestingly, happened to be correct all alongThe same examples are just three a vast number of bulk who decided to go against society wishes. If anything, these people exemplify the human constitution of exploring the unknown, of thinking critical outside the box and of seeking dreams regardless of the perils and obstacles on the way, these are the people who make progress possible without such individuals, society would be a collection of robots that operate based on norms and that would never be able to think, speak or act out anything that does not fit this norm. Quite simply, it is these people that liberated the oppressed and light up the path of knowledge.

Community behavior Essay

Afri tin American weirdity has woven collectively the best(p) of African Anglo cultures to creatively shape their sustain African American identity. eon minatory nations cede non been sociablely, politically or economically big in the history, the practice of spirituality has facilitated the development of different forms of cultural and spiritual freedom by interpreting, transcending and embracing, the constraints of an oppressive culture.Further much, the development of their own beliefs, norms, forms, practices, and structures has given origin to a culture and life that is a distinctive form of homosexual survival, existence, and, freedom most importantly. The sear church buildinges as the centers of freedom influenced the praxis of African-American spirituality. They have become safe holdings where blacks gathered to embrace their combined concerns as a community of faith. They have been the only institutions in the African American experience that has continued re lative independence from the domesticating influence of white instancy and overlords.Some black churches consider whitethorn be the last place to see integration due to the admit to maintain a former base not available to black people elsewhere. After reviewing slightly aspects of worship as the context for cultural and spiritual freedom, black handling in and out sides of the black churches be one of the most sizeable expressions of freedom for black people in America. The ability to produce a soul language that defines truth into schemas of meaning gives power and purpose to black people.Subsequently, Black community successfully adopts and adapts the structures of the much larger culture for their own purpose this practice comes from a double consciousness or translating. African Americans translated the experience of one kind to that of an other(a) which leading them to freedom. Therefore, black people spirituality gave freedom to the spirit and mind that the external co ndition could not take away. The ghostly approach is due to a deep faith in the sacredness of life that reaffirmed a personal dignity in blacks which resulted in the practice of nonviolence and mercy.Black community determines themselves how they responded to oppression. Various forms expressing improvisation and fundament from black soul forces constituted black culture. These forms under the subtitles black music, literature, humor, household tales, sports, art and dance and their worship forms under the headings of prayer, shouting, healing, dancing, singing praising and instru rational music transformation, teaching and preaching. These forms express that what is true and valuable will be determined by black community itself and will subvert and stand firm attempts of the larger culture to discern. churches can prove to be of abundant grandeur as it alleviates in providing a psychological and physical assistance to their congregants by providing treatment and prevention oriented programs in the society. A great ensample from the history is the Black Church that has served through decades as an informal kind guider. And its effectiveness posed people to research on the formal kernel. amount abuse, support, health screening and education were some of the fields where the Black Church provided its run.Individuals and churches that argon associated with it hold significant importance in the history as it created a chain between informal and formal system of trouble that benefited the society specially those who are marginalized or underserved. These programs were encouraged by some(prenominal) others like lay persons, natural helpers, and religious leaders. As far as these religious leaders are concerned, they made their finding in the treatment of mental illness and they made everyone realize that paraprofessional counselors are in no way slight then the professional counselors.They made their achievement in four areas of community medicine pr imary carry on delivery, health promotion and disease prevention, community mental health and health policy. The church had great potentials. It provided and outstanding performance in collaborating with formal help systems to maximize its programs. Eng et al. helped a great deal in promoting the churchs health care programs. Such natural helpers have gone through a fostering program where they learnt how to interact with the health professionals, resource mobilization, primary self-care skills and prevention, organization of educational and services-oriented activities.Whilst the lay advisors were supposed to foster affable support, they were expected to promote a healthy general well-being of people and were asked to keep a closure link with the formal care system. As far as the roles of religious leaders are concerned, they are not fully described in the health care literature. In the early 1970s, a need for psychiatrics unquestionable in rude areas, as these singulars w ere recognized the more underserved population. These investigations evolved and helped in the parting of instinct the mental health status between the urban and the inelegant individuals.Social, economic and geographical meanss are the attributes of such rural problems. The main obstacle in the rural life of South was to separate the effects of pauperization from the effects of race, color, cast etc. but after some conviction the solution was discovered. But later it was discovered that only 3% of the clear psychiatrics were practicing the rural areas and the rest were gone to nowhere. Rural populations were again left to the homogeneous position as it was before. The Black Church has no challenger as the cultural womb of the black community.Not only did it give blood to new institutions such as schools, banks, insurance companies, and low income housing, it also provided an academy and an arena for political activities, and it nurtured young talent for musical, dramati c, and artistic development (1990, 8) The factor of race still existed between these populations no-matter if its urban or rural it also greatly affected the mental healths of each individual. Many theorists imagine that etiolated American have been always against the black consumers, because they have no understanding of blacks culture, traditions, beliefs etc.But on the other hand blacks are not either interested in down goods or services from the Whites. They are less likely to trust White therapists and try not to interact with them in any case. Studies proved that Blacks are interested in consuming goods and seek services from the blacks due to the understanding of same culture and traditions, it is also based on the preference of mistakable attitudes and racial compatibility. The research grew further and further. The research helped in understanding the need to change and acceptance of cultural and attitudinal differences and system-levels barriers.Studies proved that ra cial identity can be a part of success. Here racial identity means that identification of diverse racial backgrounds it embroils the basic knowledge of ones culture and traditions. Accepting the non normative behavior of minorities can also help in dealing with societies therapists play a big role in understanding the culture background. Lack of understanding of cultural responsiveness may result in disturbance between racial differences and help seeking environment. As compare to white blacks are more tolerant of psychological distress.They are very quick in diagnoses of schizophrenia and psychosis and control such diseases in their premature stages. Individuals, kind and system-level factors promote understanding of service exercise and psychiatric morbidity. They focus on individuals because individuals predict reasonable outcomes related to services and treatment. Researchers always pick out individuals to get correct outcomes the individual factors include race, religiosity , beliefs about mental health and copying styles. Social support, stigma and social distance are included in interpersonal level.The Black church tradition provided an environment for reapplying already learned processes for interdependence. Embedded within the individual were past experiences, traditions, values, and norms for emotions, cognitions, and behaviors conducive to relatedness and interpersonal ness that reflected a collective sense impression of belonging with, rather than to, caring, similar others (2001, 40) Management of mental illness is internal to the social support in rural areas. An alternative to expensive or inaccessible impatient or out patient services are neighbors or extended families.Researchers have also identified the contributions made by natural helpers in promoting positive changes to the environment. Mental illness and health care systems motivated natural helpers to provide social support to the rural black communities. A powerful indicator of poo r utilization of care is discolouration that is influenced by individuals and interpersonal levels. It discourages the search for formal services but encourages the social support and informal care systems. The study says that Blacks have higher levels of tolerating psychological distress the main reason behind this is stigma and caution of hospitalization.This sometimes results in help-seeking from specialty providers but this happens only in extreme cases. This possible action shows the higher emergency level among Blacks compared to Whites, Asians and Hispanics. Informal systems are fostered by fear and stigma amongst the rural Blacks. It was noticed that poorer Blacks were more likely to experience distress, physical, mental and interpersonal problems as compared to wealthier Blacks. But as compared to Whites, 15% Blacks are less likely to seek help for emotional problems than their physical or interpersonal problems.Furthermore, Blacks seek help for their financial problems but this is limited to their geographical boundaries and economic barriers. The above study has made it clear that, urban counterparts provide more social and mental services as compared to the rural churches and it also have less links with the formal system and promote the informal systems of care. We also analyzed that White churches have more links with the formal system of care than Black Churches but Black Churches provide more social and mental health service.

Harlem’s darkness and hardships

Baldwins cusss blues is a story of the devil fellows living in Harlem. Harlem is the place where the two chums experienced the darkness of the society. This darkness points out racism and medicine mistreat as one of the major twoers experiencing by many African-American in Harlem. Even though racism was felt by the two brothers and drug abuse hunted Sonny, one of the two brothers, they still managed to adopt and get through the swear out of each other. At the beginning of the story, the older brother is on his way to work as a schoolteacher.As he travels buck the road, he to a fault reads the newspaper and found out that his brother was caught traffic with heroine. Even before, Sonny was suspected by his older brother of victimization illegal drugs but the older brother does nothing. Before the drug link up incident happens, the older brother who is also the narrator of the story unendingly talks about Sonny as universe a unassail subject brother. He says When Sonny was young, his face was bright and open. Sonnys brother worries about the employment of Sonny in illegal drugs.Sonny is being dependent on drugs and uses it as a way to escape his problems. This problem makes his brother think of the things he did wrong to make Sonny regard in drug addiction. As a result of that, the brother misinterprets solely the acts Sonny is doing. He does not listen to Sonny even if it has to be about the explanation and reasons of why Sonny engaged to drug connect activities. Sonny finds himself neglected by his brother. This makes him think that no one could help him but his own self. Realizing this, he diverts his attention to music.This involvement to music makes him finds the time out he is searching for. With the music playing, Sonny is able to escape the problems he is encountering. The improvement of Sonny is hardly noticed by his brother. At first, his involvement to music disappoints his brother not until his brother pisss the changes music has done to Sonny. His brother accepts the truth and realizes that music has done a good job to Sonnys development. It all happened in the part of the story where his brother is listening to Sonny as he plays the piano.As Sonny plays the piano, his brother feels that Sonny expect his guidance and love. The unconditional love by the brother to Sonny was pictured in the story. Listening to the Jazz music played by Sonny, the stance of the brother towards life, himself and Sonny changes. The estrangement of the two brothers hurt them both. Sonnys dedication to music and his determination to stay away from any formulate of illegal drugs move the older brother to change. The love and passion of both brothers are shown in the story.Their fight against the darkness in Harlem made them realize that to win is to accept the weakness of each one of them and to be able to survive is to help each other. As a final point, to be able to survive in a society where you are not the main character, y ou must learn to adapt and to help others that are also adapting. The challenges of Black American brothers in the time of racism and its fight against illegal drugs can be solve if trust, acceptance and love is within the family ties.

Local Coffee Shops and Chain Coffee Shops Essay

Coffee defecates pee-pee always been important for British people. When they command to read a book and newspapers ,meet new people, follow commodity damages, have knowledge of political issues, learn about what others think of a new book, be aw ar of the latest scientific and technological developments, have a chat with friends, they are going to coffee shops. In the past, in that location were only topical anesthetic coffee shops which are also named as mettle near highroad coffee shops. Nevertheless, today, the number of coffee shop chains is increase dramatically. Therefore, it becomes so difficult for the testifyers of the high track coffee shops to run their own businesses. This will be analyzed by comparing the upside and the downside of some(prenominal) shop types in this essay.First of all, giant companies have the advantage of a location which can be to a greater extent convenient and also easier for topical anesthetics, in particular students, to shop quickl y. For instance, a big company can decorate up a coffee shop in such a good place like in a shopping common or a centre, in a train or a bus station, in an airport and in a popular street of a town centre, however, this is usually not possible for a local business person.Secondly, the latter has got the advantage of a popular brand name, only when the former does not have this opportunity. Finally, giant corporations coffee shops are more modern and organized than local ones. On the other hand, there are some advantages of high street coffee shops. For example, a high street coffee shop has got a better automated teller machine than a shop of a chain. The staff of local one is more friendly and hospitable. In addition, in a local coffee shop, most customers know each other and they can make new friends and discuss whatever they want with other customers. Thus, they feel more comfortable in these local shops.However, it is plain difficult to provide a friendly environment in a gi ant corporations coffee shop because the personnel are more formal when they deal with customers. Also, people can get a delicious meal and a cup of coffee with a cheaper price in local shops compared to others.To sum up, even though there are some advantages of local coffee shops, particularly a kindly atmosphere of them, it is still challenging for them to compete with giant corporations. However, I believe that, in order to keep local coffee shops alive, there are some measures which can be taken. For instance, councils can reduce the amount of the rates and the rents for local businesses. Besides, all shopping centers should be outside of towns and local people should back up to go to local coffee shops.

Hong Kong International Airport Is the Main Airport in Hong Kong

Kong International drome (HKIA) is the main line of descentport in Hong Kong it is an important regional trans-shipment centre, passenger hub and gateway between the Mainland China and the peace of Asia. And HKIA is the primary hub for several domestic airlines, such as Cathay pacific Airways, Dragonair, Hong Kong Express Airways, etc. Re status the history, HKIA has won s heretofore Skytrax universe airport Awards for customer satisfaction in just ten years (Skytrax, 2010), the encourage base busiest airport in the world in terms of freight rate occupation and the 13th busiest airport worldwide in terms of passenger throughput in 2009 ( dromes Council International, 2010).This is the strong evidence to proof that HKIA was entering to the World-Class International aerodrome and we drop estimate its cultivation effectively. In this essay, I will go to evaluate the hub airport development of the Hong Kong International Airport, also try to demo the all overall performan ce and the relevant statistics with other major hub airport to realise the comparison and some opinions. The passenger throughput and burden affair in HKIA is certain intremendous speed in historic 10 years.In view of this, the Airport Authority Hong Kong was going to build up some hold uping facilities to strengthen its fight, such as Terminal 2, spousal relationship Satellite Terminal, SkyPier and cookery to construct the third runway, etc. This is a very active out harvest-festival to maintain and develop the position as a hub airport speckle comp atomic number 18 with other major hub airport rough the world. There atomic number 18 several major hub airports in Southeast Asia, like the Singapore Changi Airport and the Beijing Capital International Airport, etc.No matter what the passenger and cargo throughput, facilities, federation architecture and awards it is competed so intensively with the HKIA. First of all, I will go to analysis the development trend of pass enger throughput in the HKIA. In the primal of 2000s, the operation of HKIA was back on the train after the transition stage from the Kai Tak Airport. Base on the statistics, the total passenger in 2001 was 32,546,029 and ranking 17 (Airports Council International, 2002). After one year, the throughput step-up 4. 1% to 33,882,463 and the ranking climb to 15 (Airports Council International, 2003).But in 2003, the passenger drop about 20% to 27,092,290 since the influence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (Airports Council International, 2004). The HKIA was suffered a huge loss in this year, such as the passenger, cargo and economic, etc. Luckily, the recession has to undergo only one year, and it rise up again in the next year. In 2004, the PAX increase 25. 5% to 36,711,920 (Airports Council International, 2005), and the trend continues to increase until 2009. The other statistics which in 2005 increase 9. 7% to 40,269,847 (Airports Council International, 2006), 2006 increase 8 . % to 43,857,908 (Airports Council International, 2007), 2007 increase 7. 3% to 47,042,419 (Airports Council International, 2008), 2008 increase 1. 7% to 47,857,746 (Airports Council International, 2009). And the trend was adjust quietly in 2009, which is decrease 5% to 45,499,604 (Airports Council International, 2010). The phenomenon was anticipated since the outbreak of H1N1 influenza make the economic slowdown in whole world. Apart from these passenger throughput data, we can analysis the HKIA was very successful as a passenger hub airport, even in Asia.Since the passenger flow was increase equably in past 10 years. And its ranking is good enough which represent the Asia hub airport. And here is the plot to compare the PAX throughput between HKIA and Changi Airport. picThe above plat shows the passenger craft comparison between two major hub airports in Asia. Both of them are keeping the ascending trend since 2002, and the top 30 ranking. As we neck that, the Singapore Chan gi Airport had the long term history and winning over 340 awards in a 20-year period from 1987 to 2007. as well as, with80 airlines serving 200 cities in 60 countries, Changi Airport established itself as a major air power hub in the Asia Pacific region (Changi Airport Group, 2009). But when we look back the passenger throughput in HKIA it was higher than Singapore Changi Airport about 6,000,000 to 8,000,000 in the past 10 years averagely. The most important is the HKIA just go though the 10 years history. It can prove the development of HKIA is very high-speed and prosperity. pic Secondly, it is the cargo traffic comparison between the HKIA and Changi Airport. The diagram shows above is the total cargo statistics from 2009 to 2009.Base on the diagram, it is no doubt to prove that the HKIA is acting the leader position in Asia, even in the World since 2002. The cargo traffic was above 2,500,000 tones from 2002, and continued to rise above 3,000,000 from 2004 and until to 2009. And the HKIA keeps the second ranking in the Worlds busiest airports by cargo traffic since 2002, just stinker the Memphis International Airport (Airports Council International, 20032010). When compare the cargo traffic with the other busiest cargo airports in Asia Changi Airport. We can clearly perceive the outcome and difference.Although the history of Changi Airport is longer then HKIA, and it introduced the Air Hub Development Fund in 2003 (Net Resources International, 2010) to pull out the airlines and push up the cargo traffic. But the total cargo traffic in the past 8 years was still fall shadow HKIA distantly, and the gap becomes has widened in these several years. This is the best statistics to verify that the HKIA is the successful hub airport in the cargo side. Moreover, it is the new development in HKIA. It officially launched two new facilities in January 2010, which are the SkyPier and the North Satellite large number.For the Skypier, the temporary SkyPier was do ava ilable in 2003. It assists the movement of passengers between HKIA and the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. With an extensive air network of 150 destinations,HKIA has also served well the air transportation of necessity of the PRD, meeting the economic development needs of Hong Kong and contributing to Mainlands economic growth over the past three decades (HKIA Press Releases, 2010). And the AA has invested over HK$1 one million million in the construction of a new North Satellite Concourse (HKIA Press Releases, 2009).It is designed to serve to a greater extent than five million passengers a year at the initial stage. And ensure the same level of serving for the passengers who flying on smaller aircraft (HKIA Press Releases, 2009). Refer to the Executive film director in Airport Authority Hong Kong, said, HKIA is dedicated to providing top-notch service and facilities to enhance its competitiveness as a regional and international aviation centre. With the new major planet concour se, less than 10 flights will need to be parked at remote bays every day compared to the current 40 to 50.This means more passengers can embark or disembark their aircraft in a pleasant, proof environment, sparing them the inconvenience of being exposed to hot or showery weather (HKIA Press Releases, 2009). The director has briefly explained the objective and function of the North Satellite Concourse. Evidently, the growth project is using to enhance service levels, pave the way to meet future demand and strengthen the connection with the PRD network. Also deepen the role and position as a hub airport around the world.In conclusion, the passenger throughput, total cargo traffic and the facilities development in HKIA has splay quickly in the past ten years. And all the relevant statistics, ranking, awards and record has the sustainable increase. It is the positive outcome and result to evaluate the development of the HKIA as a hub airport, also HKIA is the famous, guarantee airpo rt for all the local and foreigner.HKIA Opens clean Passenger Concourse to Enhance Service. Retrieved 20 April, 2010, from http//www. hongkongairport. com/eng/media/press-releases/pr_981. html HKIA Press Releases (2010).Airports invigorated SkyPier and North Satellite Concourse Officially Opened. Retrieved 20 April, 2010, from http//www. hongkongairport. com/eng/media/press-releases/pr_983. html

Contingency Approach to Management

Contingency approach to management is a modern approach that has attempted to integrate findings of other perspectives. Contingency refers to the adjacent ( acquiretingent or touching) circumstances.This approach was developed during 1960s and 1970s and based on the idea that it is impossible to select one way of managing whole situations, and for this primer handlers have to identify the conditions of a task, managerial job and persons as part of a complete management situation and attempt to integrate them all into a solution which is most appropriate for a specific circumstance.The important contributors are Fred Fiedler (1967), Jay Lorsch, Paul Lawrence, Joan Woodward, etc (The Contingency Approach to Management, 2006). According to disaster approach, the manager has to try systematically to identify which technique or approach will, in a particular circumstance or context, best contribute to the acquirement of the desired goals.The distinctive feature of this approach is that it seeks to apply to real carriage situations ideas taken from different schools of management thought. The problem is that there is no a universal approach to management, and for this reason different problems require different approaches. Also, the contingency approach stresses the need for managers to examine the relationship between the internal and out-of-door environment of an organization.Contingency analysis indicates, for example, that a set of complex tasks are necessity to bring about significant educational improvements, planners can sequence the tasks in ways that allow managers to focus on less complex problems forward tackling more difficult ones (Amey, 1986). Organizational requirements, culture and structure are perpetually changing and needed continual efforts to maintain effective working relationships.The contingency approach examines each situation to find out its unique attributes in front management makes a decision.This approach can be described as task-oriented, because decisions are made in each individual situation. In shock of evident benefits and advantages, this approach is criticized because most of the decisions are intuitive and lack theory-based foundation (Amey, 1986). ReferencesAmey, L.R. (1986). A Conceptual Approach to Management. Durham, NC Praeger Publishers.The Contingency Approach to Management. (2006) Retrieved from http//www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Comp-De/Contingency-Approach-to-Management.html

Geely Holding? Group? Marketing Essay

Markets,? Marketing? and? Strategy? Essay? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Strategy? This? essay? leave alone? strain? to? identify,? analyze? and? discuss? the? strategic? issues? in? Geely? Holding? classify? victimisation? industry? structure? and? dynamics.? There? ar? five? competitive? forces? that? stipulation? the? strategy? of? a? company,? threat? of? new? entrants,? negociate? power? of? supplier,? bargaining? power? of? sullyers,? threat? of? substitute? and? rivalry? among? current? competitors.? However,? as? c everyplacet? all? five? forces? result? be? beyond? the? scoop? of? this? essay,? it? go away? be? focusing? on? threat? of? ew? entrants? and? rivalry. Even? though? Geely? Holding? Group? exports? cars? on? top? of? selling? in? its? topical anaesthetic? market,? its? primary(prenominal)? market? is? the? Chinas? automobile? industry1.? With? Chinas? automobile? market? growing? rapidly? in? the? last? fewer? years,? it? has? be play along? one? of? the ? biggest? automobile? markets? in? the? world,? this? mean? that? the? existing? firms? in? the? industry? go forth? prepare? to? be? aware? of? new? entrants? into? the? industry.? Gerenally,? barriers? are? high? in? an? automobile? industry,? and? there? are? several? main? factors? contributing? to? this.? One? of? he? factors? is? supply? side? economics? of? scale.? When? firms? rush? high? output,? it? allows? them? to? cut? cost? in? production? by? purchasing? in? bulk? and? beca substance abuse? they? have? huge? buying? power,? supplier? will? non? want? to? lose? them? as? customers? and? give? them? better? deals.? They? will? also? be? able? to? spread? cost? over? more? units? for? their? marketing,? research,? services? and? distribution.? This? means? that? new? entrant? will? have? a? much? higher? cost? of? production? unless? they? are? able? to? come? in? on? a? large? scale.? With? 1. 2? million? Geely? cars? on? the? oad? globally 2,? this? is? certain ly? an? advantage? that? Geely? has? over? smaller? new? entrants. constituted? firms? also? enjoy? demand? side? benefits? of? scale.? When? more? people? use? the? product,? it? will? assure? people? that? the? product? is? trustable,? causing? even? more? people? to? be? willing? to? pay? for? the? product.? With? products? like? automobiles,? quality? is? important.? Incumbents? have? the? advantage? of? having? experience,? acquiring? technology? and? building? customer? loyalty? over? the? years? thus,? unlike? entrants,? they? do? not? have? to? spend? as? much? on? arketing? and? advertising? to? prove? that? they? are? trustable.? In? 2010,? Geelys? sales? devolveed? target? by? 15,000? units3.? It? sales? will? be? a? testimony? of? its? reliability? to? new? customers? who? would? be? more? willing? to? buy? from? a? company? that? is? doing? well? than? to? take? a? risk? with? a? newcomer.? All? these? will? discourage? entry,? as? entrants? will? have? to? clutch? t heir? prices? much? lower? to? compete? for? customers.? To? enter? the? automobile? industry,? there? is? a? high? capital? requirement.? The? high? level? of? sit downment? sometimes? will? keep? entrants? ut? because? it? means? that? risk? is? high.? Entrants? will? need? not? only? to? invest? in? fixed? facilities,? they? will? need? to? invest? in? advertising? and? research,? which? are? mostly? unrecoverable? cost,? if? they? 1? Geely? travel? Holdings? Limited? Annual? Report? 2009? ONLINE.? Available? 2? Geely? Holding? Group? ONLINE.? Avilable? from? from http//hmdatalink. com/PDF/C00530/e00175(116). pdf http//www. geely. com/english/1? 6. html 3? Geely? Auto? sales? surpass? 2010? target.? (January,? 2011)? ONLINE.? Avaliable?